It has been 30 years since Lyme disease was first described in a cohort of patients from Connecticut. An understanding of disease transmission, clinical manifestations and prevention strategies has been established. With the number of new cases increasing each year, it is important that clinicians are aware of the available treatment options. Most patients respond well to a course of treatment with a recommended antibiotic; however, for those patients who develop post-Lyme disease syndrome, the management is unclear. This review provides an overview of Lyme disease and the recommended treatment options available to physicians.